Proving God Existence

[Muslim Scholar]

Yes,
When God talkes about something beyond the universe, it doesn't mean exactly what we know
Only some similarity to the word

Exactly, everything outside the universe is unique it is not similar to anything we know

You can't possibly know any of this - you have no experience with it, you have no evidence of it.
You have thrown reason out the window.

Exactly,
Science or observation cannot know anything about what is outside
Only logic can be used and the proof is based only on logic that is why it is irrefutable

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11:7 He it is Who created the heavens and the earth in six Days - and His Throne was over the Waters - that He might try you, which of you is best in conduct. But if thou wert to say to them, "Ye shall indeed be raised up after death," the Unbelievers would be sure to say, "This is nothing but obvious sorcery!"

This quote doesn't imply he made the universe from water either, it just says his throne was on some water at some point, doesn't give a time specification.

Yes, it is not very clear if this water existed or God created it, or created the universe from it
Most Islamic Scholars says it was the first creation, then God's throne then the universe