(November 29, 2022 at 10:54 am)Jehanne Wrote: Eternal models of cosmology exist. The Nobel laureate, Professor Sir Roger Penrose, has developed one:
Wikipedia -- Conformal cyclic cosmology
By the principle of parsimony, the Kalam argument is superfluous.
Penrose's problem is that he requires the far-future universe to consist solely of photons to make the conformal scaling work, but any particles with mass, such as protons, have an innate Compton wavelength based on their rest mass that doesn't scale. And as far as we know protons do not decay.