Intellectual Humility: A Guiding Principle For The Skeptical Movement?

[Belacqua]

But there's a reason I took the Hippocratic oath and not the Jesus Oath at medschool.

I suspect that's because whoever wrote the oath originally did a really good job. So when Europe became Christian, and the education was mostly done by Christians, they were happy to keep it. The oldest known copy of the oath is in the Vatican Library.

There used to be a theory that scientific research shut down after the fall of Rome -- that Greece and Rome were scientific rational societies and then that all fell apart. Professional historians no longer hold this view. 

First, it ignores the fact that Greek and Roman culture was frequently irrational and unscientific. More importantly, it ignores the continued discoveries being made throughout what used to be called the "Dark Ages." Medieval Europe wasn't nearly as benighted as some people have alleged. 

This is a widely-read book on the subject:

https://www.amazon.com/Beginnings-Wester...VE4KQ458DQ

This one is useful as well:

https://www.amazon.com/Genesis-Science-C...oks&sr=1-3

And this one is getting good advanced word from people in the field:

https://www.amazon.com/Light-Ages-Surpri...oks&sr=1-2

It's true that scientific research picked up after the Renaissance. There are different theories about why this happened. One thing we can be sure of is that the feudal economic system of the middle ages, based on land ownership, did little to encourage research, since the rich stayed rich without technological improvements. This changed when capitalism re-centered economic power, toward those who used their money wisely to build a better mousetrap. The combination of capitalism, science, and Protestantism created a virtuous circle which encouraged and justified innovation. 

The debate within Christianity over how personal initiative should be rewarded, and how this prompted a great deal of advance in technical knowledge, is described in both 

https://www.amazon.com/Secular-Age-Charl...oks&sr=1-1

and 

https://www.amazon.com/Enchantments-Mamm...oks&sr=1-1

The latter is particularly good on the differing views among Christians -- there was a great deal of disagreement and debate.