(October 11, 2015 at 1:52 pm)Rhondazvous Wrote: ...
On the way home, it dawned on me that my head no longer hurt. I realized that if I had prayed, I would have been convinced that the prayer was responsible. ...
The latin name for the fallacy that would be committed in such a case is post hoc ergo propter hoc. It means "after this, therefore because of this." People commit this fallacy all the time with home remedies for illnesses and in many other contexts. Here you can read a bit about it if you wish:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Post_hoc_ergo_propter_hoc
You can also search online for post hoc ergo propter hoc for more on the subject.
"A wise man ... proportions his belief to the evidence."
— David Hume, An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding, Section X, Part I.