You guys are doing great. I've learned quite a few things with this thread. 
But, to thwart the philosophers, one need only add the possibility that time is not what we intuitively think it is.
Because, if time does not really flow from event to event, then temporal causation may break under certain conditions... which are those? don't know.
What I do know is that Special Relativity narrowed the scope of temporal causation to the speed of light. Prior to that, philosophers would be happy to claim instantaneous causation everywhere, as the speed of light is too fast for our human senses to grasp it as anything else than instantaneous... who knows what lies behind the next stone in the way?
Better not make any definite pronouncement.

But, to thwart the philosophers, one need only add the possibility that time is not what we intuitively think it is.
Because, if time does not really flow from event to event, then temporal causation may break under certain conditions... which are those? don't know.
What I do know is that Special Relativity narrowed the scope of temporal causation to the speed of light. Prior to that, philosophers would be happy to claim instantaneous causation everywhere, as the speed of light is too fast for our human senses to grasp it as anything else than instantaneous... who knows what lies behind the next stone in the way?
Better not make any definite pronouncement.