Professor's Proposition: Only Two Logical Choices

[Blackrook]

You can't assume based on lack of evidence that something is true, that it is untrue.

For example, it has never been proven that 1 = 1.

Mathematicians start with that as an assumption because without it, all other mathematics is impossible.

But it has never been proven that 1 = 1.

Mathematics are arbitrarily defined, and then related to the real world via arbitrarily defined measurements. 1=1 is proof of itself. Let's say proof is 'beyond a reasonable doubt'. Also, we can assume that based on a lack of evidence something is untrue. Or would you prefer guilty until proven innocent?

No, I have it on good authority from my father the mathematician that 1 = 1 is unproven and unprovable. This statement does not "prove itself."

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@OP

Einstein wasn't a theist, so by your 'logic' the most rational stance is of the atheist, not your dad's Roman Catholic belief.

Einstein said that God does not roll dice.