Boy visits heaven

[Neo-Scholastic]

Does Chalmer go into detail projecting what an afterlife might be like? Or any philosophers?

Details? Not unless you count Plato or Buddha. Penrose and Hameroff explore the continuation of consciousness in general terms.

If our consciousness is not bound to our physical body then where do we go?

Perhaps consciousness was never 'bound' to the physical body at all. I'm not convinced that consciousness is in the head so much as the head is the main point of intersection between our mental reality and physical one (to the extent that we consider them separate). From this perspective the brain/body is less like a computer and more like a radio. Each personality is defined by the specific frequency of a mental backdrop that it receives.

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...the afterlife appears to be exactly what each person expects it to be based on their currently held belief.

Not necessarily. For religious people, the experience does seem to reflect their generally expectations; Christians see Jesus, Buddhists see a being of light, etc. But in some cases, atheists and non-believers have 'returned' to report similiar experiences. In a very few cases, including those of some believers, they describe going to hell. Either way NDE's profoundly affect the lives of those that have them, in ways not typical of delusions associated with mental illness.

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I can't really see how an afterlife for us is even possible. To function without a brain, I can't see how it can happen.

Logical fallacy: arguing from incredulity.