How Muslims believed earth was spherical long before anybody mentions it.

[Smaug]

Realizing that the earth was spherical, they made comments regarding gravity being a pull towards earth's center. "Varahamihira(6th Century AD) had said "It is an experience of everyone that on any part of the earth, that the flames of the fire go up and the objects that were thrown up fall down." Varahamihira published when Mo the Hammed was 5. It looks to me that the Arabs stole more directly from India as much or more than they stole from the Greeks. This makes sense as it was ~800 years after Eratosthenes. If you are going to steal from some culture and call it your own, might as well steal from the most recent you have available.

These are very interesting things you're mentioning. It's a shame but I've never paid attention to ancient Hindu works in astronomy. A casual search on this topic indicates that Hindus knew well about Greek astronomical worls and used them in their own. Speaking of Arabs, your version makes sence since it's known that they had trade connections with India and exchanged knowledge, too. For example Arabic numbers originate from India if I remember correctly.

Arabic civilization as a whole was one of the leaders in science back then. Though there seem to be no well-known astronomical theories from back then Arabs preserved astronomy throughout dark ages. Also they donated much observational data. And I'm not speaking here of other things such as Algebra. Too bad so many of their descendants succumbed into barbarianism nowadays.