there are a couple of ideas to explore
at large distances it is conceivable the circumference of a given large circle may not be related accurately to it's diameter via the factor of pi
additionally, all masses distort space/time such that, for instance, in the case of our sun, we can compare a picture of stars in the vicinity of the sun, and then again months later when the sun has moved away from that patch, and we can notice distortions in the picture that adjust the measured positions of those stars. So space is curved literally everywhere, but it takes a massive object for us with our limited instruments to see the effect. Distant galaxies distort the images of more distant objects we see past them. If the geometry is correct, we can get a magnification effect of those distant objects of a factor of 10 to 20. A 'lens' if you will, in space.
at large distances it is conceivable the circumference of a given large circle may not be related accurately to it's diameter via the factor of pi
additionally, all masses distort space/time such that, for instance, in the case of our sun, we can compare a picture of stars in the vicinity of the sun, and then again months later when the sun has moved away from that patch, and we can notice distortions in the picture that adjust the measured positions of those stars. So space is curved literally everywhere, but it takes a massive object for us with our limited instruments to see the effect. Distant galaxies distort the images of more distant objects we see past them. If the geometry is correct, we can get a magnification effect of those distant objects of a factor of 10 to 20. A 'lens' if you will, in space.
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