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Better terminology for "Father and Son" ?
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ?
I think that you mean to ask whether or not speciation has been observed, ofc.... it has been.  Here are nine examples, more than you requested, limited just to plants.  Enjoy.

Quote:5.1.1.1 Evening Primrose (Oenothera gigas)
While studying the genetics of the evening primrose, Oenothera lamarckiana, de Vries (1905) found an unusual variant among his plants. O. lamarckiana has a chromosome number of 2N = 14. The variant had a chromosome number of 2N = 28. He found that he was unable to breed this variant with O. lamarckiana. He named this new species O. gigas.
5.1.1.2 Kew Primrose (Primula kewensis)
Digby (1912) crossed the primrose species Primula verticillata and P. floribunda to produce a sterile hybrid. Polyploidization occurred in a few of these plants to produce fertile offspring. The new species was named P. kewensis. Newton and Pellew (1929) note that spontaneous hybrids of P. verticillata and P. floribunda set tetraploid seed on at least three occasions. These happened in 1905, 1923 and 1926.
5.1.1.3 Tragopogon
Owenby (1950) demonstrated that two species in this genus were produced by polyploidization from hybrids. He showed that Tragopogon miscellus found in a colony in Moscow, Idaho was produced by hybridization of T. dubius and T. pratensis. He also showed that T. mirus found in a colony near Pullman, Washington was produced by hybridization of T. dubius and T. porrifolius. Evidence from chloroplast DNA suggests that T. mirus has originated independently by hybridization in eastern Washington and western Idaho at least three times (Soltis and Soltis 1989). The same study also shows multiple origins for T. micellus.
5.1.1.4 Raphanobrassica
The Russian cytologist Karpchenko (1927, 1928) crossed the radish, Raphanus sativus, with the cabbage, Brassica oleracea. Despite the fact that the plants were in different genera, he got a sterile hybrid. Some unreduced gametes were formed in the hybrids. This allowed for the production of seed. Plants grown from the seeds were interfertile with each other. They were not interfertile with either parental species. Unfortunately the new plant (genus Raphanobrassica) had the foliage of a radish and the root of a cabbage.
5.1.1.5 Hemp Nettle (Galeopsis tetrahit)
A species of hemp nettle, Galeopsis tetrahit, was hypothesized to be the result of a natural hybridization of two other species, G. pubescens and G. speciosa (Muntzing 1932). The two species were crossed. The hybrids matched G. tetrahit in both visible features and chromosome morphology.
5.1.1.6 Madia citrigracilis
Along similar lines, Clausen et al. (1945) hypothesized that Madia citrigracilis was a hexaploid hybrid of M. gracilis and M. citriodora As evidence they noted that the species have gametic chromosome numbers of n = 24, 16 and 8 respectively. Crossing M. gracilis and M. citriodora resulted in a highly sterile triploid with n = 24. The chromosomes formed almost no bivalents during meiosis. Artificially doubling the chromosome number using colchecine produced a hexaploid hybrid which closely resembled M. citrigracilis and was fertile.
5.1.1.7 Brassica
Frandsen (1943, 1947) was able to do this same sort of recreation of species in the genus Brassica (cabbage, etc.). His experiments showed that B. carinata (n = 17) may be recreated by hybridizing B. nigra (n = 8) and B. oleracea, B. juncea (n = 18) may be recreated by hybridizing B. nigra and B. campestris (n = 10), and B. napus (n = 19) may be recreated by hybridizing B. oleracea and B. campestris.
5.1.1.8 Maidenhair Fern (Adiantum pedatum)
Rabe and Haufler (1992) found a naturally occurring diploid sporophyte of maidenhair fern which produced unreduced (2N) spores. These spores resulted from a failure of the paired chromosomes to dissociate during the first division of meiosis. The spores germinated normally and grew into diploid gametophytes. These did not appear to produce antheridia. Nonetheless, a subsequent generation of tetraploid sporophytes was produced. When grown in the lab, the tetraploid sporophytes appear to be less vigorous than the normal diploid sporophytes. The 4N individuals were found near Baldwin City, Kansas.
5.1.1.9 Woodsia Fern (Woodsia abbeae)
Woodsia abbeae was described as a hybrid of W. cathcariana and W. ilvensis (Butters 1941). Plants of this hybrid normally produce abortive sporangia containing inviable spores. In 1944 Butters found a W. abbeae plant near Grand Portage, Minn. that had one fertile frond (Butters and Tryon 1948). The apical portion of this frond had fertile sporangia. Spores from this frond germinated and grew into prothallia. About six months after germination sporophytes were produced. They survived for about one year. Based on cytological evidence, Butters and Tryon concluded that the frond that produced the viable spores had gone tetraploid. They made no statement as to whether the sporophytes grown produced viable spores..  
http://www.talkorigins.org/faqs/faq-speciation.html

The rest opf that page is a wealth of information that, as a committed creatard, you will not be familiar with...but everytime you huff and puff like you did above you make a liar of yourself, of christ, and you make a joke of your one true faith.

Gratz.
I am the Infantry. I am my country’s strength in war, her deterrent in peace. I am the heart of the fight… wherever, whenever. I carry America’s faith and honor against her enemies. I am the Queen of Battle. I am what my country expects me to be, the best trained Soldier in the world. In the race for victory, I am swift, determined, and courageous, armed with a fierce will to win. Never will I fail my country’s trust. Always I fight on…through the foe, to the objective, to triumph overall. If necessary, I will fight to my death. By my steadfast courage, I have won more than 200 years of freedom. I yield not to weakness, to hunger, to cowardice, to fatigue, to superior odds, For I am mentally tough, physically strong, and morally straight. I forsake not, my country, my mission, my comrades, my sacred duty. I am relentless. I am always there, now and forever. I AM THE INFANTRY! FOLLOW ME!
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Messages In This Thread
Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by vorlon13 - August 5, 2017 at 2:59 pm
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by chimp3 - August 5, 2017 at 3:02 pm
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by chimp3 - August 5, 2017 at 3:10 pm
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by Chad32 - August 5, 2017 at 3:07 pm
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by brewer - August 5, 2017 at 3:08 pm
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by chimp3 - August 7, 2017 at 8:38 pm
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by chimp3 - August 8, 2017 at 10:14 am
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by chimp3 - August 9, 2017 at 5:27 am
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by Cyberman - August 13, 2017 at 10:11 am
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by Astreja - August 15, 2017 at 3:31 pm
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by Astreja - August 15, 2017 at 3:36 pm
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by Astreja - August 16, 2017 at 11:17 am
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by Astreja - August 16, 2017 at 3:36 pm
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by vorlon13 - August 16, 2017 at 10:56 pm
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by Astreja - August 16, 2017 at 11:04 pm
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by Astreja - August 17, 2017 at 3:33 pm
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by Astreja - August 17, 2017 at 3:41 pm
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by Astreja - August 18, 2017 at 3:22 pm
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by Astreja - August 24, 2017 at 10:53 am
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by Astreja - August 19, 2017 at 8:27 pm
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by Astreja - August 23, 2017 at 3:26 pm
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by Astreja - August 25, 2017 at 12:04 am
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by Astreja - August 24, 2017 at 11:56 pm
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by Astreja - August 25, 2017 at 1:17 am
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by Astreja - August 26, 2017 at 12:32 am
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by Astreja - August 30, 2017 at 1:29 pm
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by Astreja - September 1, 2017 at 12:17 am
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by Godscreated - September 1, 2017 at 12:45 pm
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by Astreja - September 1, 2017 at 3:41 pm
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by Astreja - September 2, 2017 at 4:58 pm
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by Cyberman - September 2, 2017 at 5:09 pm
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by Harry Nevis - September 1, 2017 at 10:57 am
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by Ravenshire - September 2, 2017 at 8:07 pm
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by Astreja - September 4, 2017 at 9:33 pm
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by Succubus - September 5, 2017 at 6:08 pm
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by Succubus - September 8, 2017 at 9:34 am
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by Astreja - September 5, 2017 at 11:44 pm
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by Godscreated - September 7, 2017 at 10:02 pm
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by Astreja - September 7, 2017 at 11:20 pm
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by Godscreated - September 13, 2017 at 9:41 pm
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by Astreja - September 14, 2017 at 12:12 am
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by Fake Messiah - September 14, 2017 at 3:36 am
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by Godscreated - September 14, 2017 at 11:57 pm
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by Fake Messiah - September 15, 2017 at 1:41 am
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by Harry Nevis - September 14, 2017 at 10:19 am
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by Godscreated - September 15, 2017 at 12:46 am
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by Fake Messiah - September 15, 2017 at 3:25 am
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by Godscreated - September 25, 2017 at 12:30 am
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by Succubus - September 25, 2017 at 2:11 am
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by Godscreated - September 25, 2017 at 4:55 pm
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by Ravenshire - September 25, 2017 at 9:06 pm
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by Fake Messiah - September 26, 2017 at 3:17 am
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by Godscreated - September 26, 2017 at 3:32 pm
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by Fake Messiah - September 27, 2017 at 12:59 am
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by Godscreated - September 28, 2017 at 3:44 pm
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by Cyberman - September 29, 2017 at 12:50 am
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by Fake Messiah - September 29, 2017 at 2:50 am
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by Godscreated - September 30, 2017 at 12:08 am
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by Cyberman - September 30, 2017 at 5:16 pm
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by Cyberman - October 5, 2017 at 11:07 pm
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by Harry Nevis - September 29, 2017 at 7:52 am
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by Ravenshire - September 30, 2017 at 12:20 am
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by Harry Nevis - September 27, 2017 at 8:03 am
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by Harry Nevis - September 26, 2017 at 8:00 am
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by Ravenshire - September 25, 2017 at 3:37 am
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by Harry Nevis - September 25, 2017 at 8:30 am
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by Fake Messiah - September 25, 2017 at 8:38 am
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by Harry Nevis - September 15, 2017 at 11:18 am
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by Ravenshire - September 14, 2017 at 4:49 pm
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by Godscreated - September 15, 2017 at 2:45 am
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by Ravenshire - September 20, 2017 at 8:42 pm
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by Ravenshire - September 7, 2017 at 10:45 pm
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by Godscreated - September 13, 2017 at 3:01 am
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by Fake Messiah - September 13, 2017 at 3:46 am
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by Cyberman - September 13, 2017 at 5:48 pm
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by Harry Nevis - September 13, 2017 at 9:33 am
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by Ravenshire - September 13, 2017 at 5:35 pm
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by vorlon13 - August 24, 2017 at 11:42 pm
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by Astreja - August 15, 2017 at 1:26 pm
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by Athene - August 5, 2017 at 6:28 pm
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by Chad32 - August 9, 2017 at 9:04 pm
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by vorlon13 - August 10, 2017 at 12:07 am
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by vorlon13 - August 10, 2017 at 12:07 pm
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by chimp3 - August 10, 2017 at 2:31 pm
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by Drich - August 11, 2017 at 3:20 pm
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by Drich - August 15, 2017 at 1:09 pm
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by vorlon13 - August 16, 2017 at 11:13 pm
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by vorlon13 - August 16, 2017 at 11:18 pm
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by Astreja - August 16, 2017 at 11:22 pm
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by vorlon13 - August 17, 2017 at 12:42 am
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by rado84 - August 22, 2017 at 10:04 am
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by vorlon13 - August 22, 2017 at 11:03 pm
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by vorlon13 - August 22, 2017 at 11:04 pm
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by vorlon13 - August 23, 2017 at 12:36 am
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by Astreja - August 23, 2017 at 5:17 pm
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by Astreja - August 23, 2017 at 10:17 pm
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by vorlon13 - August 25, 2017 at 12:48 am
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by vorlon13 - September 5, 2017 at 6:18 pm
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by Succubus - September 5, 2017 at 6:45 pm
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by vorlon13 - September 5, 2017 at 6:49 pm
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by Succubus - September 6, 2017 at 6:13 am
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by vorlon13 - September 7, 2017 at 9:25 pm
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by Cyberman - September 8, 2017 at 10:43 am
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by vorlon13 - September 8, 2017 at 10:46 am
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by Cyberman - September 14, 2017 at 7:22 am
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by Fake Messiah - September 14, 2017 at 7:59 am
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by Cyberman - September 15, 2017 at 12:04 am
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by The Grand Nudger - September 15, 2017 at 12:05 am
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by Cyberman - September 15, 2017 at 12:09 am
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by Cyberman - September 15, 2017 at 9:16 am
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by vorlon13 - September 26, 2017 at 7:31 pm
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by Silver - September 26, 2017 at 7:32 pm
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by vorlon13 - September 26, 2017 at 7:33 pm
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by Silver - September 26, 2017 at 7:34 pm
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by vorlon13 - September 26, 2017 at 9:05 pm
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by Silver - September 26, 2017 at 9:07 pm
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by brewer - September 26, 2017 at 9:09 pm
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by vorlon13 - September 28, 2017 at 3:51 pm
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by Godscreated - September 30, 2017 at 12:42 am
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by Ravenshire - September 30, 2017 at 5:25 am
RE: Better terminology for "Father and Son" ? - by Atheist73 - September 29, 2017 at 3:33 pm

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