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Quote:The scientists suggest that trade winds may have carried a blizzard of ash to Egypt from Santorini, located about 700 miles (1,100 kilometers) from Tharo.
The archaeologists are going to have to reconcile with the chart prepared by the geologists aren't they? Studies have confirmed the foot thick ash layers in Asia Minor. The winds cannot have been blowing in all directions at once.
Some years ago there was an absolutely dreadful "documentary" called The Exodus Decoded put out by a bozo named Simcha Jacobovici...who calls himself the Naked Archaeologist even though he is neither. He, too, insisted on the 1500 BC date and tried to use the excavations of Manfred Bietak at Avaris. He horribly misquoted Bietak who noted finding a handful of flakes of volcanic ash into exactly the same kind of catastrophe. Well, it didn't work and as noted, 1,500 is well over a century too late for Thera.
What is possible is that Lower Egypt, dominated by the foreign Hyksos 15th dynasty, suffered economically from the loss of their commercial partners to Thera and they were subsequently defeated by Upper Egypt under Ahmose I. In any case, the Hyksos were rulers not slaves which makes the exodus tale a pile of crap written centuries later for political purposes.
December 9, 2012 at 12:23 am (This post was last modified: December 9, 2012 at 12:36 am by TheJackel.)
(December 8, 2012 at 7:18 am)orogenicman Wrote: In fact, there is the Harrat Ash Shaam volcanic field that extends from southern Syria through NW Jordan to Saudi Arabia. Then there is the Harrat ar Rahah field in Saudi Arabia to consider. Neumann van Padang (1963) in the Catalog of Active Volcanoes of the World speculated that the Israelite account in Exodus 19:16-18 might refer to an eruption from Harrat ar Rahah. Also, there is Harrat 'Uwayrid, also in Saudi Arabia. The Catalog of Active Volcanoes of the World (Neumann van Pandang, 1963a) indicated that an eruption in about 640 AD at Harrat 'Uwayrid may have been from either Hala-'l-Bedr or Hala-'l-'Ischia, or both. Bedouin legends say that Hala-'l-Bedr erupted fire and stones, killing herdsmen and their cattle and sheep.
Very good point. And I think that this really shows that these people lived in a volcanic region of the world.. Also, I think Exodus was considered patch work of various time periods.. Though it would be nice if we could verify which Volcano was Mt. Sinai, but that is unlikely to ever happen.. So we can only speculate there. However, we can agree that there are plenty to choose from.. And I think your point is valid that this GOD is likely associated with one or more, if not all volcanic activity in the region. Hence, where ever they see volcanic activity, they would probably associate it with their GOD..
I will try to dig further into this and hopefully write an details article on it
Quote:The archaeologists are going to have to reconcile with the chart prepared by the geologists aren't they? Studies have confirmed the foot thick ash layers in Asia Minor. The winds cannot have been blowing in all directions at once.
actually a volcanic eruption that large can have drastic effects on the weather and like cause shifts in the wind. And the thing is, the material was tested I believe to have come from that volcano. It had to come an Active volcano in the region at that time period, and so far that is the only candidate.
Quote:Some years ago there was an absolutely dreadful "documentary" called The Exodus Decoded put out by a bozo named Simcha Jacobovici...who calls himself the Naked Archaeologist even though he is neither. He, too, insisted on the 1500 BC date and tried to use the excavations of Manfred Bietak at Avaris. He horribly misquoted Bietak who noted finding a handful of flakes of volcanic ash into exactly the same kind of catastrophe. Well, it didn't work and as noted, 1,500 is well over a century too late for Thera.
I haven't cited him, and I am basing this only on the facts known. All the evidence shows it to have come from Thera.. Volcanic ash and rock doesn't just magically appear..
Quote:What is possible is that Lower Egypt, dominated by the foreign Hyksos 15th dynasty, suffered economically from the loss of their commercial partners to Thera and they were subsequently defeated by Upper Egypt under Ahmose I. In any case, the Hyksos were rulers not slaves which makes the exodus tale a pile of crap written centuries later for political purposes.
I agree Exodus is fictional.. However fiction is often written based on a real event such as super volcanic eruption.. We write such fiction based on real events all the time, and Exodus is likely a prime example of this. Especially if it's good propaganda and a means to elevate and substantiate a cults GOD above all others. And it's interesting that after the Kyksos rulers get kicked out that you start to see the Yahwist monotheist movement that goes on to usurp the Canaanite Pantheon.
Both Egyptologist, Donald Redford and Archeologist, Israel Finkelstein, using evidence from different sources have concluded that the gist of the exodus tale was created during the Saite Period (663–525 b.c.)
Quote:Donald B. Redford, Egypt, Canaan and Israel in Ancient Times (Princeton University Press, Princeton NJ, 1992).
Whoever supplied the geographical information that now adorns the story had no information earlier than the Saite period (seventh to sixth centuries B.C.). The eastern Delta and Sinai he describes are those of the 26th Dynasty kings and the early Persian overlords: his toponyms reflect the renewed interest in the eastern frontier evidenced for this period by fort building and canalization. He knows of "Goshen" of the Qedarite Arabs, and a legendary "Land of Ramesses." He cannot locate the Egyptian court to anything but the largest and most famous city in his own day in the northeastern Delta, namely Tanis, the royal residence from about 1070 to 725 B.C. (cf. Psalm 78:12, 43), which survives as a metropolis into Roman times; and he mistakenly presses into service the adjacent marshy tract "the reed-(lake)" as the "Reed-sea," the scene of Israel's miraculous passage to safety. The route he is familiar with is that which traverses the same tract as the canal of Necho II (610-594 B.C.) from Bubastis to the Bitter Lakes; then he moves north in his mind's eye past the famous fort at Migdol to Lake Sirbonis (Ba'al Saphon) where Horus had already in the mythical past thrown Seth out of Egypt. In short, with respect to the geography of the Exodus, the post-Exilic compiler of the present Biblical version had no genuinely ancient details. He felt constrained to supply them from the Egypt of his own day and, significantly perhaps, cited several places where Asiatic elements and especially Judaean mercenaries resided in the sixth and fifth centuries.
Quote:
Israel Finkelstein and Neil Asher Silberman, The Bible Unearthed (The Free Press, New York, 2001)
{p. 64} And what of other settlements and peoples mentioned in the account of the Israelites' wanderings? The biblical narrative recounts how the Canaanite king of Arad, "who dwelt in the Negeb," attacked the Israelites and took some of them captive - enraging them to the point that they appealed for divine assistance to destroy all the Canaanite cities (Numbers 21:1-3). Almost twenty years of intensive excavations at the site of Tel Arad east of Beersheba have revealed remains of a great Early Bronze Age city, about twenty-five acres in size, and an Iron Age fort, but no remains whatsoever from the Late Bronze Age, when the place was apparently deserted. The same holds true for the entire Beersheba valley. Arad simply did not exist in the Late Bronze Age.
The same situation is evident astward across the Jordan, where the wandering Israelites were forced to do battle at the city of Heshbon, capital of Sihon, king of the Amorites, who tried to block the Israelites from passing in his territory on their way to Canaan (Numbers 21:21-25; Deuteronomy 2:24-35: Judges 11:19-21). Excavations at Tel Hesban south of Amman, the location of ancient Heshbon, showed that there was no Late Bronze city, not even a small village there. And there is more here. According to the Bible, when the children of Israel moved along the Transjordanian plateau they met and confronted resistance not only in Moab but also from the full-fledged states of Edom and Ammon. Yet we now know that the plateau of Transjordan was very sparsely inhabited in the Late Bronze Age. In fact, most parts of this region, including Edom, which is mentioned as a state ruled by a king in the biblical narrative, were not even inhabited by a sedentary population at that time. To put it simply, archaeology has shown us that there were no kings of Edom there for the Israelites to meet.
The pattern should have become clear by now. Sites mentioned in the Exodus narrative are real. A few were well known and apparently occupied in much earlier periods and much later periods - after the kingdom of Judah was established, when the text of the biblical narrative was set down in writing for the first time. Unfortunately for those seeking a historical Exodus, they were unoccupied precisely at the time they reportedly played a role in the events of the wandering of the children of Israel in the wilderness.
{p. 65} Back to the Future: The Clues to the Seventh Century BCE
So where does this leave us? Can we say that the Exodus, the wandering, and - most important of all - the giving of the Law on Sinai do not possess even a kernel of truth? So many historical and geographical elements from so many periods may have been embedded in the Exodus story that it is hard to decide on a single unique period in which something like it might have occurred. There is the timeless rhythm of migrations to Egypt in antiquity. There is the specific incident of the Hyksos domination of the delta in the Middle Bronze Age. There are the suggestive parallels to elements of the Ramesside era relating to Egypt - together with the first mention of Israel (in Canaan, not Egypt). Many of the place-names in the book of Exodus, such as the Red Sea (in Hebrew Yam Suph), the river Shihor in the eastern delta (Joshua 13:3), and the Israelites' stopping place at Pi-ha-hiroth, seem to have Egyptian etymologies. They are all related to the geography of the Exodus, but they give no clear indication that they belong to a specific period in Egyptian history.
The historical vagueness of the Exodus story includes the fact that there is no mention by name of any specific Egyptian New Kingdom monarch (while later biblical materials do mention pharaohs by their names, for example Shishak and Necho). The identification of Ramesses II as the pharaoh of the Exodus came as the result of modern scholarly assumptions based on the identification of the place-name Pi-Ramesses with Raamses (Exodus 1:11; 12:37). But there are few indisputable links to the seventh century BCE. Beyond a vague reference to the Israelites' fear of taking the coastal route, there is no mention of the Egyptian forts in northern Sinai or their strongholds in Canaan. The Bible may reflect New Kingdom reality, but it might just as well reflect later conditions in the Iron Age, closer to the time when the Exodus narrative was put in writing.
And that is precisely what the Egyptologist Donald Redford has suggested. The most evocative and consistent geographical details of the Exodus story come from the seventh century BCE, during the great era of prosperity of the kingdom of Judah - six centuries after the events of the Exodus were supposed to have taken place. Redford has shown just how many details in the Exodus narrative can be explained in this setting, which
{p. 66} was also Egypt's last period of imperial power, under the rulers of the Twenty-sixth Dynasty. [/quote]
Could garbled memories of the Hyksos expulsion ( and the establishment of 4 centuries of Egyptian hegemony over Canaan which ensued) have lingered in Canaanite folklore? To some degree it seems likely. The pharaoh who defeated the Hyksos was Ahmose I. In Egyptian his name means Ah ( the moon god ) is born. This particular theophoric form is well attested in New Kingdom literature: Thutmoses ( Thoth is born) Ramoses {Ramesses} (Ra is born). So "mose(s)" by itself means what? Nobody is born?
Finkelstein's point is that in the entire first millenium BC there was only one point in time when both Egypt and Judah were in an expansionist phase at the same time and thus competitors. The late 7th century BC when Assyria was retrenching in response to the Babylonian revolt.
Egypt subdued Judah but Babylon defeated all of them.
Egypt maintained its independence against the Babylonians but beginning with the Persians Egypt was occupied by one conqueror after another until, after Actium in 31 BC they were reduced to provincial status by the Romans. Judah had a brief resurgence towards the end of the second century BC when it actually managed to occupy most of the territory once claimed by David's "Empire." It fell apart in dynastic squabbling and was swept under by Pompey the Great during his campaign in the east in 64-63 BC.
But all of this happened centuries after Thera erupted.
(December 6, 2012 at 1:19 pm)TheJackel Wrote: Now I am sure many of you had already read the previous discussion and my Article on Newsvine titled: "Yahweh: The worshiping of a Volcano / fire GOD of War."
Well, I have updated that article and wrote another more in depth article surrounding mountain GOD worship. Now Volcano GOD worship might not be the true origins of this deity as I will provide evidence below to attest to this, but it doesn't change that it had become exactly that. So lets get to it and revisit the old article and explore the mountain of knowledge in the new article!
First Article:
Added information on "El Shaddia", The Shin, and Corrected error on information regarding the Shin's translated meaning.. You will also now find more information on the Amorites and the GOD of Abraham. You can find these detailed updates in the section discussing Yahweh's name. These in which some of you might find rather interesting.
Quote: I remember as a child playing "King of the hill", and how when I ever laid a successful sack of the mighty mountain that I would be King of all the realms before me. Truly the most high is crowned the overlord of the kingdoms, and I would seek my wrath should my position ever had been challenged. It's a game I am sure many of us remember, but I wonder how many actually understand how true this game is to the history religion in ancient Mesopotamia.
However, while doing research I have found that it is pretty likely that Yahweh was originally based on the Arkadian GOD "Sin", and the Egyptian God "Yah" before it ever manifested into a Volcano GOD of Fire and War. The evidence for this hinted in my second article when addressing "Yah", but I didn't really go deep into that since my research into that hadn't yet begun.. So here is what I have found in relation to this subject thus far:
Post notes:
1. This is not an official statement from me yet as I am still looking into this
2. I remind everyone that this deals a lot with a time period before Christianity ever existed, or came on stage even though you find this in modern Christianity..
Yah - Moon GOD:
I wonder if anyone is curious to know where Hallelujah comes from or actually means, or what Mount Sinai actually means.. It's in reference to the Egyptian moon GOD Yah while Mount Sinai literally means "Moon Mountain [1] " in reference to the Arkadian / Sumerian Moon GOD "Sin":
Quote:Horeb is thought to mean glowing/heat, which seems to be a reference to the sun, while Sinai may have derived from the name of Sin, the Sumerian deity of the moon,[2][3] and thus Sinai and Horeb would be the mountain of the moon and sun, respectively.[2]
^ a b c "Mount Horeb". Jewish Encyclopedia.
^ a b Matthew Black and H. H. Rowley, ed. (1963). "Exodus". Peake's Commentary on the Bible (second edition ed.). Thomas Nelson. pp. section 178c.
Yahweh when traced really seems to have had originally nothing to do with El, El ELyon, or El Shaddai as those are Canaanite / Amorite deities as noted in my first and second article. The Amorite deity Shaddai likely being the same GOD "EL" of the Canaanite Pantheon giving the evidence in my first article, and the compound use of "EL Shaddai". However, Yahweh's origins are far different when we actually trace this deity. Hence the Shasu of YHW were likely Egyptians, or possibly the evicted Canaanite Hyksos who based their religion around a version of this moon GOD. To whom of course likely found the Arkadian moon GOD a deity they can associate to, or had previously associated to before taking up power in Egypt. Either way, they confided in both, and It is known that these people adapted their beliefs according to the lands they lived in, and it seems they started to usurp the Canaanite Pantheon into the persona of Yahweh after the collapse of the Canaanite civilization and the eviction of the Hyksos from Egypt. But there is more telling evidence to this other than Mount Sinai as we can note and address the popular means to praise this deity to which we have come to know as: "Halleluhjah, Halleluliah. Halleluyah..:
Hallelujah,also spelled halleluiah, halleluyah, and the Greek and Latin form alleluia are transliterations of the Hebrew word ×××× ×× (Modernhalleluya, TiberianhallÉlûyÄh) meaning "Praise ye Yah" or "Praise Jah, you people".[1][2][3] The last syllable is from the first two letters of the name of God, YHWH (also transcribed JHVH).[4] "Praise Jah" is therefore a shortened form of "Praise Yahweh"[5][6][7] or, in another transliteration of the name, "Praise Jehovah". Hallelujah is found primarily in the book of Psalms. The word is used in Judaism as part of the Hallel prayers, and in Christian prayer,[8] where it is used in various ways in liturgies.[9] It has been accepted into the English language and has a similar pronunciation in many other languages.
But what is not mentioned on Wiki is this :
Quote: One of the false gods the Jews worshipped was Yah. This pagan idol has its roots in Babylon and in Egypt. This is the lunar or moon god. In Babylon the moon god is called "Ia" or Ya. It has both a female and a male identity. In Egypt the Babylonian female "Ia or Ya" was changed into a male god and the female god was named "shua" and made the sky god. When a person then combines these forms into Iashua or Yahshua they have made the moon god the sky god. This Babylonian/Egypt deity is also called Baal throughout the Scriptures. The Jews did worshiped the moon god when they apostated into idolatry from the true God Ehyeh asher Ehyeh (Elohim/Adonai). Look up the word moon in Hebrew and it is "yareah" which is the same as "Yahweh." Modern Hebrew spells it different now to distort the real identity of their ancient Yah god. They now spell it "yareach." The Yah moon god remains controversial, but the evidence of the Jewish god Yah as the same god as the Babylonian god "Ia-ya" and or the Egyptian moon god Yah is pretty robust thus far.
"yah, jah, ia" is nothing but the moon god. Saying hallelu-jah means praise the moon god.
This to which is actually supported by archeology:
-
As well as supported by:
Quote:
Aah (Yahh): The Moon-God (Yareach - Hebrew)
excerpted from E.A. Wallis Budge Hieroglyphic Dictionary Vol. I. p.29b
And of course through the process of Usurping the Canaanite Pantheon, it was later equated to "EL". Their Moon Mountain GOD was likely a Volcano GOD of War, or became one through the process of usurping.
Conclusions:
I don't think that Yahweh being a mountain fire GOD of War is really much in question anymore in light of the fiery evidence. But it's deeper origins are intriguing to say the least Thus I hope this has shed some more light on the mystery of Yahweh, and how yahweh came to be, where Yahweh came from, and what Yahweh is or has become.
i'm new here I find this section interesting and I have a lot of questions if you don't ...
quote "but the evidence of the Jewish god Yah as the same god as the Babylonian god "Ia-ya" and or the Egyptian moon god Yah is pretty robust thus far."
are you saying the "god" of the Hebrews was originally had nothing to do with the ancient Egyptians or Babylonians but there own creation?
are you also saying the Hebrews were living amongst
these people and adapted the ideology and concepts of neter ?
what is your full conclusion and view on the bible ?
what is true and what is false?
February 20, 2015 at 6:37 pm (This post was last modified: February 20, 2015 at 6:38 pm by KichigaiNeko.)
(February 20, 2015 at 1:29 pm)fabbeyondseacrh Wrote:
(December 6, 2012 at 1:19 pm)TheJackel Wrote: Now I am sure many of you had already read the previous discussion and my Article on Newsvine titled: "Yahweh: The worshiping of a Volcano / fire GOD of War."
Well, I have updated that article and wrote another more in depth article surrounding mountain GOD worship. Now Volcano GOD worship might not be the true origins of this deity as I will provide evidence below to attest to this, but it doesn't change that it had become exactly that. So lets get to it and revisit the old article and explore the mountain of knowledge in the new article!
First Article:
Added information on "El Shaddia", The Shin, and Corrected error on information regarding the Shin's translated meaning.. You will also now find more information on the Amorites and the GOD of Abraham. You can find these detailed updates in the section discussing Yahweh's name. These in which some of you might find rather interesting.
However, while doing research I have found that it is pretty likely that Yahweh was originally based on the Arkadian GOD "Sin", and the Egyptian God "Yah" before it ever manifested into a Volcano GOD of Fire and War. The evidence for this hinted in my second article when addressing "Yah", but I didn't really go deep into that since my research into that hadn't yet begun.. So here is what I have found in relation to this subject thus far:
Post notes:
1. This is not an official statement from me yet as I am still looking into this
2. I remind everyone that this deals a lot with a time period before Christianity ever existed, or came on stage even though you find this in modern Christianity..
Yah - Moon GOD:
I wonder if anyone is curious to know where Hallelujah comes from or actually means, or what Mount Sinai actually means.. It's in reference to the Egyptian moon GOD Yah while Mount Sinai literally means "Moon Mountain [1] " in reference to the Arkadian / Sumerian Moon GOD "Sin":
Yahweh when traced really seems to have had originally nothing to do with El, El ELyon, or El Shaddai as those are Canaanite / Amorite deities as noted in my first and second article. The Amorite deity Shaddai likely being the same GOD "EL" of the Canaanite Pantheon giving the evidence in my first article, and the compound use of "EL Shaddai". However, Yahweh's origins are far different when we actually trace this deity. Hence the Shasu of YHW were likely Egyptians, or possibly the evicted Canaanite Hyksos who based their religion around a version of this moon GOD. To whom of course likely found the Arkadian moon GOD a deity they can associate to, or had previously associated to before taking up power in Egypt. Either way, they confided in both, and It is known that these people adapted their beliefs according to the lands they lived in, and it seems they started to usurp the Canaanite Pantheon into the persona of Yahweh after the collapse of the Canaanite civilization and the eviction of the Hyksos from Egypt. But there is more telling evidence to this other than Mount Sinai as we can note and address the popular means to praise this deity to which we have come to know as: "Halleluhjah, Halleluliah. Halleluyah..:
But what is not mentioned on Wiki is this :
This to which is actually supported by archeology:
-
As well as supported by:
And of course through the process of Usurping the Canaanite Pantheon, it was later equated to "EL". Their Moon Mountain GOD was likely a Volcano GOD of War, or became one through the process of usurping.
Conclusions:
I don't think that Yahweh being a mountain fire GOD of War is really much in question anymore in light of the fiery evidence. But it's deeper origins are intriguing to say the least Thus I hope this has shed some more light on the mystery of Yahweh, and how yahweh came to be, where Yahweh came from, and what Yahweh is or has become.
i'm new here I find this section interesting and I have a lot of questions if you don't ...
quote "but the evidence of the Jewish god Yah as the same god as the Babylonian god "Ia-ya" and or the Egyptian moon god Yah is pretty robust thus far."
are you saying the "god" of the Hebrews was originally had nothing to do with the ancient Egyptians or Babylonians but there own creation?
are you also saying the Hebrews were living amongst
these people and adapted the ideology and concepts of neter ?
what is your full conclusion and view on the bible ?
what is true and what is false?
This is a very old thread..... Necroposting is frowned upon. So you might like to create a new thread on this topic in the "Religion" forum.
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